(German_MFA_dictionary_v2_0_0)=
# German MFA dictionary v2.0.0

``````{dictionary} German MFA dictionary v2.0.0
:id: "German MFA dictionary v2_0_0"
:tags: German;MFA;IPA
:language: "German"
:dialect: N/A
:layout: mfa
:template: dictionary_template
:phoneset: "MFA"
:license: "CC BY 4.0"

   ```{include} ../../../../dictionary/german/mfa/v2.0.0/README.md
    :start-after: "## Dictionary details"
    :end-before: "## Installation"
   ```


   ```{admonition} G2P models
   * {ref}`german_mfa_g2p_model_v2_0_0`
   ```

``````

```{include} ../../../../dictionary/german/mfa/v2.0.0/README.md
:start-after: "new)."
```

## IPA Charts

### Consonants

Obstruent symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unvoiced and those to the right are voiced.

``````{list-table}
:header-rows: 1
:stub-columns: 1
:class: consonant_chart table-striped table-bordered

* - Manner
  - Labial
  - Labiodental
  - Alveolar
  - Alveopalatal
  - Palatal
  - Velar
  - Uvular
  - Glottal
* - {manner}`Nasal`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * m
        * Occurrences: 67155
        * Examples
          * crema: [k ʁ eː m a]
          * mato: [m a tʰ ɔ]
          * casim: [kʰ aː z ɪ m]
          * molt: [m oː l t]
      * m̩
        * Occurrences: 1606
        * Examples
          * armem: [a ʁ m m̩]
          * lauem: [l aw m̩]
          * irem: [iː ʁ m̩]
          * ahlem: [aː l m̩]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * n
        * Occurrences: 150364
        * Examples
          * kühn: [cʰ yː n]
          * yakin: [j a cʰ ɪ n]
          * ebnit: [ɛ n iː t]
          * narde: [n a ʁ d ə]
      * n̩
        * Occurrences: 68012
        * Examples
          * oasen: [ɔ aː z n̩]
          * eiden: [aj d n̩]
          * domen: [d oː m n̩]
          * bäten: [b eː tʰ n̩]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * ɲ
        * Occurrences: 1798
        * Examples
          * engin: [ɛ ɲ ɪ n]
          * lingg: [l ɪ ɲ ɟ eː]
          * new: [ɲ uː]
          * vinci: [v ɪ ɲ cʰ ɪ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * ŋ
        * Occurrences: 31491
        * Examples
          * genk: [ɟ ɛ ŋ k]
          * thong: [tʰ ɔ ŋ]
          * singe: [z ɪ ŋ ə]
          * denk: [d ɛ ŋ k]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Stop`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * p
        * Occurrences: 28849
        * Examples
          * herb: [h ɛ ʁ p]
          * spock: [ʃ p ɔ k]
          * abt: [a p t]
          * lips: [l ɪ p s]
    * voiced
      * b
        * Occurrences: 60984
        * Examples
          * sybel: [z ʏ b l̩]
          * budva: [b uː d eː f a]
          * borax: [b ɔ ʁ a k s]
          * beton: [b ɛ tʰ oː n]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * t
        * Occurrences: 114741
        * Examples
          * hitch: [h ɪ t ʃ]
          * ebnit: [ɛ n iː t]
          * ohrid: [oː ʁ iː t]
          * molt: [m oː l t]
    * voiced
      * d
        * Occurrences: 53781
        * Examples
          * lydia: [l ʏ d iː a]
          * narde: [n a ʁ d ə]
          * dada: [d aː d a]
          * budva: [b uː d eː f a]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * c
        * Occurrences: 1183
        * Examples
          * asket: [a s c eː t]
          * sköne: [s c øː n ə]
          * skate: [s c eː t]
          * pesci: [pʰ ɛ s c ɪ]
    * voiced
      * ɟ
        * Occurrences: 10500
        * Examples
          * genk: [ɟ ɛ ŋ k]
          * logic: [l oː ɟ ɪ k]
          * gilly: [ɟ ɪ l ɪ]
          * gährt: [ɟ eː ʁ t]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * k
        * Occurrences: 45719
        * Examples
          * crema: [k ʁ eː m a]
          * spock: [ʃ p ɔ k]
          * törig: [tʰ øː ʁ ɪ k]
          * genk: [ɟ ɛ ŋ k]
    * voiced
      * ɡ
        * Occurrences: 56540
        * Examples
          * leges: [l ɛ ɡ ə s]
          * grah: [ɡ ʁ aː]
          * gels: [ɡ ə l s]
          * gutt: [ɡ ʊ t]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Affricate`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * pf
        * Occurrences: 3855
        * Examples
          * impf: [ɪ m pf]
          * pflag: [pf l a x]
          * pfade: [pf aː d ə]
          * kampf: [kʰ a m pf]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * ts
        * Occurrences: 42560
        * Examples
          * cena: [ts eː n a]
          * zarin: [ts aː ʁ ɪ n]
          * wanze: [v a n ts ə]
          * zorzi: [ts ɔ ʁ ts ɪ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * tʃ
        * Occurrences: 1425
        * Examples
          * chads: [tʃ aː t s]
          * chill: [tʃ ɪ l]
          * image: [ɪ m ɪ tʃ]
          * chair: [tʃ eː ʁ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Sibilant`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * s
        * Occurrences: 104057
        * Examples
          * wisse: [v ɪ s ə]
          * leges: [l ɛ ɡ ə s]
          * gels: [ɡ ə l s]
          * nashs: [n aː s h aː ɛ s]
    * voiced
      * z
        * Occurrences: 38940
        * Examples
          * saro: [z a ʁ ɔ]
          * tease: [tʰ iː z ə]
          * casim: [kʰ aː z ɪ m]
          * sybel: [z ʏ b l̩]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * ʃ
        * Occurrences: 61445
        * Examples
          * hitch: [h ɪ t ʃ]
          * spock: [ʃ p ɔ k]
          * styx: [ʃ t ʏ k s]
          * gesch: [ɡ ə ʃ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Fricative`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * f
        * Occurrences: 72786
        * Examples
          * tufte: [tʰ ʊ f tʰ ə]
          * budva: [b uː d eː f a]
          * fermi: [f ɛ ʁ m ɪ]
          * elfte: [ɛ l f tʰ ə]
    * voiced
      * v
        * Occurrences: 41312
        * Examples
          * wisse: [v ɪ s ə]
          * weili: [v aj l ɪ]
          * wirds: [v ɪ ʁ t s]
          * wanze: [v a n ts ə]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * ç
        * Occurrences: 29930
        * Examples
          * könig: [cʰ øː n ɪ ç]
          * heche: [h ɛ ç ə]
          * weigl: [v aj ç l]
          * balch: [b a l ç]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiced
      * ʁ
        * Occurrences: 149619
        * Examples
          * crema: [k ʁ eː m a]
          * ray: [ʁ ɛ ɪ]
          * herb: [h ɛ ʁ p]
          * saro: [z a ʁ ɔ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * h
        * Occurrences: 30170
        * Examples
          * hitch: [h ɪ t ʃ]
          * herb: [h ɛ ʁ p]
          * nashs: [n aː s h aː ɛ s]
          * halme: [h a l m ə]
    ```
* - {manner}`Approximant`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * j
        * Occurrences: 10810
        * Examples
          * yakin: [j a cʰ ɪ n]
          * joa: [j oː a]
          * konya: [kʰ ɔ n j a]
          * soja: [z oː j a]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Lateral`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * l
        * Occurrences: 119596
        * Examples
          * weili: [v aj l ɪ]
          * lydia: [l ʏ d iː a]
          * apoll: [a pʰ ɔ l]
          * leges: [l ɛ ɡ ə s]
      * l̩
        * Occurrences: 8726
        * Examples
          * sybel: [z ʏ b l̩]
          * kegel: [cʰ eː ɡ l̩]
          * erkel: [ɛ ɐ kʰ l̩]
          * dusel: [d uː z l̩]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
``````


### Vowels

Vowel symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unrounded and those to the right are rounded.

``````{list-table}
:header-rows: 1
:stub-columns: 1
:class: vowel_chart table-striped table-bordered

* -
  - Front
  - Near-Front
  - Central
  - Near-Back
  - Back
* - Close
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * iː
        * Occurrences: 38207
        * Examples
          * ebnit: [ɛ n iː t]
          * lydia: [l ʏ d iː a]
          * tease: [tʰ iː z ə]
          * ohrid: [oː ʁ iː t]
    * rounded
      * yː
        * Occurrences: 9547
        * Examples
          * kühn: [cʰ yː n]
          * düst: [d yː s t]
          * suede: [z yː d ə]
          * hütet: [h yː tʰ ə t]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * rounded
      * uː
        * Occurrences: 18781
        * Examples
          * budva: [b uː d eː f a]
          * cloud: [k l uː t]
          * boomt: [b uː m t]
          * yushu: [ʏ p s ʊ s h uː]
    ```
* -
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * ɪ
        * Occurrences: 118412
        * Examples
          * hitch: [h ɪ t ʃ]
          * yakin: [j a cʰ ɪ n]
          * ray: [ʁ ɛ ɪ]
          * wisse: [v ɪ s ə]
    * rounded
      * ʏ
        * Occurrences: 12889
        * Examples
          * lydia: [l ʏ d iː a]
          * sybel: [z ʏ b l̩]
          * yushu: [ʏ p s ʊ s h uː]
          * frye: [f ʁ ʏ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * rounded
      * ʊ
        * Occurrences: 60450
        * Examples
          * tufte: [tʰ ʊ f tʰ ə]
          * gutt: [ɡ ʊ t]
          * humme: [h ʊ m ə]
          * yushu: [ʏ p s ʊ s h uː]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - Close-Mid
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * eː
        * Occurrences: 39374
        * Examples
          * crema: [k ʁ eː m a]
          * budva: [b uː d eː f a]
          * add: [a d eː]
          * cena: [ts eː n a]
    * rounded
      * øː
        * Occurrences: 5781
        * Examples
          * törig: [tʰ øː ʁ ɪ k]
          * könig: [cʰ øː n ɪ k]
          * sköne: [s c øː n ə]
          * flöha: [f l øː a]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * rounded
      * oː
        * Occurrences: 32405
        * Examples
          * ohrid: [oː ʁ iː t]
          * joa: [j oː a]
          * molt: [m oː l t]
          * soja: [z oː j a]
    ```
* -
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * ə
        * Occurrences: 121678
        * Examples
          * wisse: [v ɪ s ə]
          * narde: [n a ʁ d ə]
          * tease: [tʰ iː z ə]
          * tufte: [tʰ ʊ f tʰ ə]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - Open-Mid
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * ɛ
        * Occurrences: 102701
        * Examples
          * ray: [ʁ ɛ ɪ]
          * herb: [h ɛ ʁ p]
          * ebnit: [ɛ n iː t]
          * leges: [l ɛ ɡ ə s]
    * rounded
      * œ
        * Occurrences: 3613
        * Examples
          * börge: [b œ ʁ ɡ ə]
          * löss: [l œ s]
          * klöch: [k l œ ç]
          * sölde: [z œ l t]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * rounded
      * ɔ
        * Occurrences: 61786
        * Examples
          * saro: [z a ʁ ɔ]
          * spock: [ʃ p ɔ k]
          * apoll: [a pʰ ɔ l]
          * konya: [kʰ ɔ n j a]
    ```
* -
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * ɐ
        * Occurrences: 81496
        * Examples
          * alor: [a l ɐ]
          * jahrs: [j aː ɐ s]
          * arger: [a ʁ ɡ ɐ]
          * fears: [f eː aː ɐ s]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - Open
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * a
        * Occurrences: 112857
        * Examples
          * crema: [k ʁ eː m a]
          * yakin: [j a cʰ ɪ n]
          * saro: [z a ʁ ɔ]
          * lydia: [l ʏ d iː a]
      * aː
        * Occurrences: 46709
        * Examples
          * casim: [kʰ aː z ɪ m]
          * dada: [d aː d a]
          * grah: [ɡ ʁ aː]
          * nashs: [n aː s h aː ɛ s]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
``````


#### Diphthongs

* {ipa_inline}`aj`
* {ipa_inline}`aw`
* {ipa_inline}`ɔʏ`